Organ-action



No. 623,843. Patented Apr. 25, |899.

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No. 623,843. Patented Apr.- 25, i899. J. SLAWIK.

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No. 623.843. Patented Apr. 25, i899.

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UNITED v STATES PATENT OEEICE.

JOSEPH SLAlVIK, OF BLOOMFIELD, NFV JERSEY.

ORGAN-ACTION.

SPEClFICATION forming' part 0f Letters Patent N0. 623,843, dated April25, 1899. Application filed March 8, 1898. Serial No. 673,064. (Nomodel? To (//ZZ whom 'll/ may concern: p

Be it known that I, JOSEPH SLAWIK, of Bloomfield, in the county of Essexand State of New Jersey, have invented a new and Improved Organ-Action,oit which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to organs having an upper and lower keyboard;andthe object of the invention is to provide a new and improvedorgan-action whereby either keyboard when played causes a sounding ofits corresponding sounding devices, and by the use of the desiredcouplings the playing of one oi the keyboards causes a sounding of bothsei-s of sounding devices simultaneously to produce a grandorgan effectin a very simple manner.

rlhe invention consists of novel featu res and parts and combinations ofthe same, as will be described hereinafter and pointed out in theclaims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, 'forming a part ofthis specilication,

in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts inall the figures.

Figure l is a sectional side elevation of the improvement. Fig. 2 is asectional side elevation of the action for one of the sounding deviceswith the parts in a different position from that shown in Fig. l. Fig. 3is an enlarged sectional side elevation of the intermediatecoupler-action, the section being taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 4. Fig.4 is a transverse section ot' the same on the line 4 4 of Fig. Fig. 5 isa reduced 'front elevation of the keyboard,and Fig. G is an enlargedtransverse section showing the coupler-tube connections. As illustratedin Fig. l, the great-action A and the swell-action A are provided forcontrolling the air to the sounding devices B B' on the said actions.The latter are controlled from valves C C', respectively connected bystickers D D, respectively, with the lower and upper keyboards D2 andD2, respectively,

(see Fig. 5,) so that when playing either keyboard, the correspondingsoun ding devices `B or B' are sounded.

Intermediate of the valve C' and its action A' is arranged acoupler-action F., adapted to be actuated from valves similar to valve Cand controlled by the coupler draw-stops D4, D5, and Di to permit ofactuating both actions A A simultaneously upon playing the keys of thelower keyboard, as hereinafter more fully described.

The actions A A are alike in construction and similar to the one shownand described in the application for Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, Serial No. 630,389, filed April 2, 1897, and allowed August25,1897. As the actions A and A/ are alike in construction it sufficesto describe but one. Each action has a wind-chest F, into which open themetallic tubular seats B2, leadingto the sounding devices B and B, inthe form of reeds, pipes, or the like, and each seat B2 is normallyclosed by a diaphragm-valve G for preventing the wind from thewind-chest 'from passing to the corresponding sounding device B or Bunless the correspondin g key is pressed by the operator, as hereinaftermore fully described. Fach diaphragm-valve G is adapted to close anopening H, leading to an exhaustpassage H, having two valve-seats H2 H2,of which the latter opens to the atmosphere, and the valve-seat H2connects with a wind-chest I, as plainly shown in Figs. l and 2. ValvesJ J secured on a valve-stein J2, are adapted to be alternately seated onvthe seats H2 H2- that is, when the valve J is on its seat H3 then thevalve J is oft its seat i12-so that air from the wind-chest I can passinto Jthe passage H and through the opening H' to press against theunder side of the diaphragmvalves G and hold them. to their seats B2, soas to prevent the air from the wind-chest F passing to the soundingdevice. (See Fig. l.) Then the valve-stem J2 moves upward, the valve Jengages the seat H2 to cut off the connection between the wind-chest Iand the corresponding passage H, and at the same time the valve J movesinto an open position to allow the wind in the passage H to escapethrough the valve-seat H3 tothe atmosphere. Vhen this takes place, thepreponderance of pressure on the top of the diaphragm-valve G causes thelatter to move downward over the opening H/ to open the valve-seat B2,so thatv the air from the wind-chest F can pass to thesounding devicesand sound the same. (See Fig. 2.) Now in order to move the valven stemJ2 and its valves in the direction described l provide the followingdevice:

On the valve-stein is fastened a diaphragm J3, separating the wind-chestI from the duct K, connected by a tube L with a chamber C2, forming partof the valve C and normally opening by a pallet CS into the wind-chestC". The pallet C3 is also connected with aI pallet` C1", connected withthe sticker D and serving' to connect the chamber C2 with the atmosphereto exhaust air from the chamber C2 at the time the pallet C3 isclosed-thatis, when the corresponding key of the lower keyboard D2 ispressed. New when the key is pressed and air is permitted to escape fromthe chamber C2 then a reduction of pressure takes place in the duct II,so that pressure from the wind-chest I against the diaphragm J2 movesthe latter upward and lifts the valves .I J, so as to close the seat H2and to open the exhaust-seat H3, as previously explained and for thepurpose mentioned. A similar action takes place in the sounding-deviceaction A when the keys ot' the upper keyboard D3 are pressed. The d uctK" of this action A is connected for the purpose mentioned by pipes Lwith passages E in the coupler-action E, and said passages are connectedby pipes D2 with the chamber CG in the valve C', which valve has thepallets CT C, of which the former connects the wind-chest C with thechamber C", and the other pallet CS connects the chamber C with theouter air. Normally the pallet Cq is closed and the pallet C7 is open,and both are actuated simultaneously from the upper keyboard D3 onpressing the correspondingkeythat is, when a key on the upper keyboardis pressed the pallet CS is opened and the pallet CT is closedso that anexhaust of air takes place in the chamber C, the pipe E2, the passageE', the pipe L, andthe duct K to actnate the valve J for the actionA,the same as previously explained in reference to the action A, andconsequently the corresponding sounding devices ll' are sounded.

Between the keyboards D2 and D are arranged the coupler draw-stops Dland D, and a similar coupler draw-stop D" is located below the keyboardD2. Each coupler drawstop is normally in an outermost position; but eachis adapted to be pushed inward by the organist to open a valve similarto the valves C or C, connected with the coupleraction E, as hereinaftermore `fully described, to bring in all or seine of the sounding devicesof the action A. The coupler DVL when pressed inward brings the entireaction A and its sounding devices 5 in play when the keyboard D2 isplayed-that is, the sounding` devices D are reinforced by thecorresponding soundingdevices 13. lVhen the coupler D5 is pressed in itsvalve exhausts air from the coupler-action E and that of action A insuch a manner that only sounding devices l an octave higher than thedevices D sounded at the same time are brought into act-ion, and whenthe coupler DG is pressed sounding devices l an octave lower than thosesounded lat B are called simultaneously into action.

Thus by manipulating the couplers as del scribed the player is enabledto bring the whole or part of the sounding devices D into action whenplaying on the lower keyboard only to reinforce the sounds emitted bythe sounding devices B with the corresponding ones from the soundingdevices B, either ot the same quality or an octave higher or lower. Vhenit is desired to move a coupler out of action, a button DT alongsidecach coupler draw-stop is pushed inward to close the valve and returnthe coupler draw-stop to an outermost position. New in order to makepneumatic connections with the sounding devices B', as above described,I provide the following arrangement on the coupler-action:

In the passage E is arranged a valve N, se; cured ou avertically-disposed valve-stem N and controlling an outlet E3 forconnecting the passage E' with the atmosphere. Normally the valve Ncloses the outlet E, butis adapted to move upward against a valve-seatE" for closing the passage E to the pipe E2 and for opening the passageE to the outer air for a reduction of pressure in the pipe L and theduet II for sounding the sounding device B when a corresponding key ofthe lower keyboard is played, so thatboth sounding devices D D aresimultaneouslysounded for grand-action et'tect and as bet'orenientioned. The shifting ot the valve N into this position is controlledby either or all ot the coupler draw-stops D4, D", and D, and for thispurpose I provide the followingarrangement, special reference being hadto Figs. l, S3, and 4: Each valve-stem N' above the valve N extends in apassage E5 and passes through a number of diaphragms N2 N3 N*l in thesaid passage for controlling the movement of the valve N, each diaphragmbeing engaged at its top by a collar N, secured on the valve-stem N.Thus a preponderance of pressure against the underside of one of thediaphragms will move the same upward and in doing so carry along thecollar N5 and stem N to shut the valve N without disturbing the positionof the other diaphragme as the stem slides loosely through the same.

The uppermost diaphragm N1 has its top chamber I normally closed by adiaphragm P, which when open or in an uppermost position connects thesaid chamber with a pipe L2, leading to the corresponding pipe L,connecting the action A with the valve C. The chamber P2 over thediaphragm P is connected by a pipe P3 with the air-chamber of the valvefor the coupler draw-stop D1, so that when the latter is pushed in thepallet in the cou15 lervalve is opened and air escapes to reduce thepressure in the pipe P2 and chamber P2. The preponderance of pressurefrom the pipe L2 moves the diaphragm P upward, and when a key on thelower keyboard D2 is now played Ithe air from the corresponding pipes Land L2 is exhausted to reduce the pressure on top of the diaphragm N",and as there is pressure against the under side of the said lOO IIO

essere diaphragm the latter will move upward, carrying along thc stem Nand valve N, to open the passage E' to the atmosphere for actuating theaction A' and sounding the corresponding sounding device IS in additionto the corresponding one ofthe sounding devices l. When the couplerdraw-stop D4 is closed, air from its valve passes into the chamber P2 topress the diaphragm down, and thereby cut ofi' the pipe L2 from thechamber P. The diaphragm N4 by the weight of the valve N and thepressure on the top thereof will move downward to allow the stem N andvalve N to move in the same direction for the valve to close the exhaustE3 and to again connect the passage E' with the pipe E2 to allow air topass to the action A/ and close the valves .l' and G to stop the passageof the air to the sounding devices B., as before explained. From eachpassage E5, under the corresponding diaphragm N4 and over the diaphragmN3, leads a channel O to a chamber O, connected by a pipe O2 with a pipeL2 of an octave lower than that controlled by the valve N. A diaphragmO2 normally closes the chamber O' to disconnect the channel() and pipeO2, and the chamber OV1 on top of the said diaphragm is connected byapipe O5 with the valve for the coupler draw-stop D5. The action is thesame as described above in regard to the diaphragm Il and itsconnections, except that when the coupler draw-stop D5 is pushed in andair is exhausted :from the chamber Olv to allow the pressure from thepipe O2 to act on the diaphragm, and whenone of the keys oli' thekeyboard D2 is now played air is exhausted from the passage above thediaphragm N2, so that the latter is actuated by pressure from below, andthe valve N opens the exhaust to bring the action A into use to soundthe same tone, only an octave higher than that sounded by thecorresponding sounding device B.

A similar arrangement is made relative to' the diaphragms N2 and N2, asa channel Q leads from the passage E5 between the said diaphragms to achamber Q', connected by the pipe Q2 with a pipe L2 an octave lower thanthat controlled by the valve N. The chamber Q vis normally cut ol'i'from. the pipe Q2 by the diaphragm Q, having its top chamber Q connectedby a pipe Q5 with the valve for the coupler draw-stop D. \Vhen thelatter is pushed in, air is exhausted from the chamber Q" to allow theair from the pipe Q2 to open the diaphragm Q2 and connect the pipewiththe passage E5 over the diaphragm N2. Now when a key on the keyboard D2is played airis exhausted from the passage over the diaphragm N2, sothat the latter is vforced upward by pressure 'from below and the valveN opens the exhaust E2 to actuate the sounding device B/ an octave lowerthan that of the device I3 sounded by playing the key on the keyboardD2, as before explained.

From the foregoingit will. be readily under stood that any one or all ofthe coupler drawstops D, D, and DG may be in an innermost position forthe player to call in additional sounds from the sounding devices B whenplaying on the keyboard D2and sounding the sounding devices B. Thus bythe intermediate pneumatic coupler-action E the player is enabled tomake use of both sounding-device actions A A when playing the lowerkeyboard D2, and the said actions A A' can be used independently by theoperator playing on the corresponding keys of the lower and upperkeyboards at the time the couplers are not in action and the valve N isin the po sition shown in the drawings.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent- I. In an organ action, an exhaustwalve over anoutlet in the passage leading from the valve ofthe upper keyboard to itsaction, a pn eumatically actuated device for raising said valve, apassage leading from said device to the valve of the lower keyboard, adiaphragm normally closing said passage, and a draw-stop provided with avalve to exhaust air from said diaphragm to raise the same to open saidpassage, as set forth.

2. In an organ action, an exhaust-valve over an outlet in the passageleading from the valve of the upper'keyboard to its action, a passageleading from the valve of the lower keyboard, a diaphragm normallyclosing said passage, a draw-stop provided with a valve to exhaust airabove said diaphragm and raise the same to open said passage, and meansfor raising said exhaust-valve upon the opening of the valve for thelower keyboard when the passage is open, said means being locatedbetween the diaphragm and the exhaust-valve and connected with thelatter, as set forth.

3. In an organ-action, a pneumatic coupleraction consisting of anexhaust-valve over an outlet in the passage leading from the valve ofthe upper keyboard to its action, a diaphragm on the stem of said valve,a passage above said diaphragm, said passage communieating with thevalve for the lower keyboard whereby to raise said diaphragm andexhaustvalve when the other valve is opened, a diaphragm normallyclosing said passage, and provided with an air-chamber thereabove and adraw-stop having a valve con'nnunicating with said air-chamber toexhaust air therefrom whereby to raise said lastnnamed diaphragm, as setforth.

et. In an organ-action, pipes connecting the valve 'for the lowerkeyboard with its action, a coupler-action having pipes connected tosaid first-named pipes, an exhaust-valve covering an outlet in thepassage leading from the valve of the upper keyboard toits action,pneumatically-actuated devices Yfor raising said exhaust-valve when thevalve for the lower keyboard is opened and means for establishing andcutting oft communication between the pipes leading 'from said lowerkeyboard to its action and such devices, as set -forth.

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5. An organ-action, provided with a pneumatic coupler-action comprisingan exhaustvalve over an outlet in the passage between the upperkeyboard-valve and its action, a series of diaphragms on the saidvalve-stein of the said valve, air-chambers over the said diaphragins,and coupler draw-stops for exhausting the air from the said chambers,and connections with the said diaphragms from the valves of the lowerkeyboard to actuate the said exhaust-valve on playing the keys of thesaid lower keyboaid, substantially as shown and described.

t3. An organ-action, comprising' a plurality of sounding-device actions,valves independently controlled from the keys of the upper and lowerkeyboards, the valves controlling` the said actions, an intermediatecoupler-action in the connection between the u pper keyboard-valve andits action, said coupler-action being controlled by the valves for thelower keyboard, said coupler-action comprising` an exhaust-valve over anoutlet in the passage between the upper keyboard and its action, adiaphragm on the valve-stein of said valve, an air-chamber over the saiddiaphragm and connected with the valve for the lower keyboard, anda'wind-chest under the control ot the coupler draw-stop, and connectedwith a diaphragm for connecting or disconnecting the said chamber withor from the valve of said lower keyboard, substantially as shown anddescribed.

7. An organ-action,provided with a coupleraction having passages forconnecting the valves of the upper keyboard with the sounding-deviceactions, an exhaust-valve over an outlet leadingfroui eachpassage to theatmosphere, a series of diaphragms on the stem ol the saidexhaust-valve, an air-chamber connected with the Valves for the lowerkeyboard, a diaphragm for connecting and disconnect.- ing theair-chamber with and from the valvestem diaphragms, and a wind-chestcontrolled by the coupler draw-stop and opening onto the saidair-chamber diaphragm, to close the latter and Jthe valve-steindiaphragins, substantially as shown and described.

8. In an organ-action, a pneumatic coupleraction consistingof anexhaust-valve over an outlet in the passage between the valve of theupper keyboard andits action, a series of diaphragms on the stein otsaid exhaust-Valve, passages above each diaphragm and leading to thevalve for the lower keyboard, and a coupler draw-stop arranged to openand close each of said last-named passages, as and for the purpose setforth.

9. In an organ-action, a pneumatic coupler consisting of anexhaust-valve over an outlet in the passage leading from the valve ofthe upper keyboard to its action, a series of diaphragms on the stem ofsaid exhaust-valve and each independent of the others in its movement,passages above each diaphragm and leading to the valve of the lowerkeyboard, diaphragins closing and opening said latter passages, and acoupler draw-stop connected with each of said latter diaphragms topneumatically raise and lower the same, as and for the purpose setforth.

JOSEPH SLAWIK.

\Vitnesses:

THEO. G. Hosrnn, Evnnixnn lEoL'roN MansnaLL.

